Discovering New Disease Every Year - 1521 Words

Isn’t it weird how so many new diseases are created every year, and some are even impossible to detonate? There are many different kinds of diseases that deal with the different types of organs in our body, there are the common ones then there are the not-so common ones. We have many different types of diseases from sexually transmitted diseases to generic disease that we didn’t have before. There are many diseases that target a certain organ such as â€Å"Chronic Liver Disease† which leads to â€Å"Cirrhosis†, which targets the liver. In addition there are also other diseases that cover other organs such as the brain like â€Å"Alzheimer’s Disease† or even â€Å"Rabies†. In addition there are also diseases that aren’t really noticeable or predicted easily such as blood related things, this includes â€Å"Diabetes† both type A and B and also â€Å"Gestational Diabetes†. Furthermore, diseases tend to have different impacts to the human body, some may be temporary while some may be treated to control them, yet they can be treated. There are up to more than a billion diseases in the world, and we still have plenty more to discover, and one disease that can be deadly is Chronic Liver Disease. Chronic Liver Disease is a disease that destroys liver cells, and replaces them with â€Å"Scare Tissue†, which is a tissue that connects to the organ and creates a scar. In addition, Chronic Liver Disease has multiple stages, the final stage of Chronic Liver Disease is â€Å"Cirrhosis† moreover, cirrhosis damages and destroysShow MoreRelatedA Research Study On Stem Cell Research1665 Words   |  7 Pagesadvanced the way researchers look at curing what were once considered untreatable diseases. Modern technology has played a key role in the discovering of these stem cells and how they are used in the body. Many argue that the use of adult and embryonic cells is unethical and inhumane to society, however, there is one point taken into consideration when making that statement; if researchers could develop a cu re for a disease that was affecting a family member of those who oppose it, then these people wouldRead MoreEssay on Diabetes888 Words   |  4 PagesDiabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, about 17 million Americans have diabetes and every year about 1 million more age 20 or older are diagnosed with the disorder. People who are overweight, do not exercise, and are 30 years or older are more likely to get the disease (especially type 2 diabetes). People who are also of African American, Latino/Hispanic, Native American, Alaskan Native, Asian or Pacific Islander American heritage are more at risk to get the disease than people who are CaucasianRead MoreEssay On Science For Children1689 Words   |  7 Pagesfinding cure to the various diseases that haunt mankind, continues to make an indelible landmark. Scientists in past have created subtle practices by using human parts and mentally retarded children in research trials, finding cure for a disease created an atmosphere of impo ssibility, and there were no federal guidelines in place that could approve these treatments to be used on patients, like Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Research institutions and scientists of years back have created a subtleRead MoreEssay1735 Words   |  7 PagesThe marathon of scientists finding a cure to the various diseases that haunt mankind, continues to make an indelible landmark. Scientists in past have created subtle practices by using human parts and mentally retarded children in research trials, finding a cure for disease created an atmosphere of impossibility, and there were no federal guidelines in place that could approve these treatments to be used on patients like Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Research institutions and scientistsRead MoreThe Importance Of Stem Cells1338 Words   |  6 Pagesbacteria and disease, and have the component of being unspecialized. This component of being unspecialized gives way for scientists and researchers to give stem cells a specific function to target and help repair tissues and systems. Such bacteria and disease stem cells may eradicate and prevent from plaguing people are Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s Disease, spinal cord injuries, cancer, and much more. It has been studied that with the discovery of stem cells, there is almost no disease or bacteria thatRead MoreFibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva1508 Words   |  7 PagesMe Affecting only one in every 2 million people Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is one of the rarest genetic disorders of congenital skeleton malformations; identified by congenital malformation of the big toe at birth. Flare-ups occur by soft tissue injury followed by immobility. A mutation in the activin receptor IA/activin-like kinase 2 (ACVR1/ALK2), and bone protein (BMP) type I receptor were reported in all cases of FOP, making this a specific disease causing mutations in the humanRead MoreMarketing And Advertising For Pharmaceutical Products Essay1677 Words   |  7 PagesIn recent years, medicine has made incredible advances. Due to the development of innovative drugs and medical procedures deaths caused by diabetes, HIV/AIDS, cancer, and heart disease have significantly decreased. Millions of individuals, each year, avoid ailments such as the flu and chicken pox by receiving preventive vaccinations. With that being said, the length of a given individual’s lif e has been extended as a result of countless prescription drugs, but the quality has been â€Å"enhanced† oftentimesRead MoreAn Examination of Glaxosmithkline Performance in Society1623 Words   |  7 Pagesstakeholders. GlaxoSmithKline achievements and social performance Companies are growingly discussing Corporate Social Responsibility at their highest level. Strong practices result in to a solid company reputation (Othman and Ameer 2009). In a New York news publication GlaxoSmithKline report confirms progress and dedication to its extensive approach in meeting society’s needs. Areas such as access to medication in developing countries and research and development in such nations, training of employeesRead MoreLeah Wyrick. Ms. Basinger. Ap Language And Composition.1685 Words   |  7 PagesLeah Wyrick Ms. Basinger AP Language and Composition 12 May 2017 Breast Cancer Breast cancer is a disease in which most commonly occurs in all women no matter their size, shape, race, or ethnicity. About one in eight women will be diagnosed with breast cancer every year, a fatal disease if not discovered early. Early detection of breast cancer is key so that cancerous cells found in the breast do not spread through other parts of the body. On a positive note, however, significant advances have beenRead MoreLife On New Planet : Life1575 Words   |  7 PagesLife on New Planet 1 Life on New Planet Ehsan Rahmanian POG 214 Pro. Dr. Patricia O’Reilly Life on New Planet 2 Introduction: The debate about the relative merits of exploring space with humans and robots is as old as the space program itself. There are some arguments that are advanced in any discussion about the utility of space exploration and the roles of humans and robots. Those arguments in roughly ascending order of advocate support are the following: 1.

Annotated Bibliography On Evolution Of Graphics Card

Evolution Of Graphics Card Yash Grover 10/17/2017 Period:- 1st 2nd Mr. Ward Summary Apparently graphics card are the new big thing in this generation. Graphics are being used in everything such as laptop, computer, and also now in cars. Car companies like Toyota and NVIDIA are collaborating to deliver artificial intelligence hardware and software technologies that will enhance the capabilities of autonomous driving system. Aslo, Audi and NVIDIA announced an acceleration of a long - running partnership- this new shared goal will put advanced AI cars on the roads starting in 2020. Not only that, even Tesla, Mercedes-Benz, Volvo are partnering with NVIDIA to develop AI Self-Driving cars. Intro Graphics cards have been†¦show more content†¦One of the biggest problem of NV1 is that its’ rendering was quite different than a typical polygon rendering. Then in 1996, for the first time NVIDIA unveils its first Microsoft, DirectX drivers with support for the Direct3D, which is an API used to render 3D graphs where performance is very critical. During that year NVIDIA didn’t release any new products till 1997. After 2 years they finally introduced RIVA 128, the first 128-bit 3D processor. It received an OEM acceptance, and only in four months shipped more than one million units. It is one of the first consumer graphics processing unit to integrate 3D acceleration to traditional 2D and video acceleration. The acronym for RIVA is Real-time Interactive Video and Animation accelerator. The NV1 chips was designed for a fundamentally different type of rendering technology, but the RIVA 128 was designed to accelerate Direct3D. During this time period everything c hanged. For the first time Microsoft selected NVIDIA to provide a much better graphics processors in Xbox gaming console. Not only that the world’s first notebook GPU GeForce 2 Go was launched. Not only that the company has shipped its 100 millionth processor. Using their technology, they helped NASA reconstruct their terrain of Mars. Sony and NVIDIA partnered up to develop a processor for the Playstation 3. The year 2006, around half a billion graphics processor wereShow MoreRelatedSports17369 Words   |  70 Pagesexperience with sportscasting and sportscasters? Have you met any sportscasters personally? Who are your favorites? Who are your least favorite(s)? Think about why, and share your thoughts. Exercise 1.2: Globalization of Sports (book review) From the bibliography that follows, choose a book and critique it, including the following information: 1. The book: Full name of the title, author(s) name, when and where published and by whom, number of pages and illustrat ions. 2. Author(s): Who she or he is—professionRead MoreSports17363 Words   |  70 Pagesexperience with sportscasting and sportscasters? Have you met any sportscasters personally? Who are your favorites? Who are your least favorite(s)? Think about why, and share your thoughts. Exercise 1.2: Globalization of Sports (book review) From the bibliography that follows, choose a book and critique it, including the following information: 1. The book: Full name of the title, author(s) name, when and where published and by whom, number of pages and illustrations. 2. Author(s): Who she or he is—professionRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 Pagesis available. Copyright  © 2007 by Robert D. Stueart and Barbara B. Moran All rights reserved. No portion of this book may be reproduced, by any process or technique, without the express written consent of the publisher. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 2007007922 ISBN: 978–1–59158–408â₠¬â€œ7 978–1–59158–406–3 (pbk.) First published in 2007 Libraries Unlimited, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881 A Member of the Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. www.lu.com Printed in the United States of America Read MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 Pagesaccounting practice, thereby informing our understanding of the Weld. He wrote The Economics of Capital Budgeting (Penguin, 1976), one of the earliest theoretically rigorous textbooks in Wnancial management. His co-authored books, Management Accounting: Evolution not Revolution (CIMA, 1989) and Management Accounting: Pathways to Progress (CIMA, 1994), were published during a time of dramatic change in UK management accounting practice. These textbooks contributed to the UK management accounting transformationRead MoreQuality Improvement328284 Words   |  1314 Pagesthe field. It is available at www.wiley.com/college/montgomery. Student Resource Manual The text contains answers to most of the odd-numbered exercises. A Student Resource Manual is available from John Wiley Sons that presents comprehensive annotated solutions to these same odd-numbered problems. This is an excellent study aid that many text users will find extremely helpful. The Student Resource Manual may be ordered in a set with the text or purchased separately. Contact your local Wiley representative

Contract Law and Tort Law of Negligenceâ€Free Samples for Students

Question: Discuss About the Contract Law and Tort Law of Negligence? Answer: Introducation In order to form such a contract which can be deemed as legal and binding upon the parties, it needs to contain a promise, where one of the parties to such an agreement, promises to do a thing and the other party to such an agreement, promises to pay the amount or value of consideration that has been fixed between them (Ayres Klass, 2012). A contract, in general, is drawn in two forms, i.e., written or oral. In the written form of contract, the terms on which the contract is formed is stated clearly and in detail on a document, which the promise making parties sign. In an oral contract, the terms of contract, are exchanged between the promise making parties in an oral or verbal manner. Even though the modes of creating the contracts are different, these continue to have a legal standing in the eyes of law (Clarke Clarke, 2016). For creating any kind of contract, there is a need for it to have certain elements, i.e., the need for an offer being made, which is then accepted by the party to which it was made, the need for it to contain a valid consideration, the requirement of contractual capacity, clarity with regards to the terms on which the contract is being formed, and lastly, the intent of creating lawful associations (Andrews, 2015). The initial step in contract formation begins from an offer being made. There has to be clarity with regards to an offer being made or an invitation to treat being put forward. An invitation to treat highlights the intention of the parties or their willingness in initiating negotiations regarding a particular topic. An offer is far different from an invitation to treat and it shows that the parties want to initiate the legal association and are willing to form a contract. The advertisements which are presented in magazines or in newspapers are deemed to be invitation to treat, instead of being an offer. If instead of an offer, an invitation to treat is established, the party which gave the advertisement is not required to finish the sale (Abbott, Pendlebury Wardman, 2007). In Partridge v Crittenden [1968] 1 WLR 1204, the advertising person as not required to go through with the sale as it was deemed as an invitation to treat. Though, in case, such an advertisement contains a unilateral offer, which can be accepted by anyone, through undertaking the performance of the advertisement, the same is deemed as an offer and not an invitation to treat, as was famously held in Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Company [1893] 1 QB 256 (Latimer, 2012). An offer has to be followed by the element of an acceptance. When an acceptance is given on a particular offer, the same has to be given to the offer in the form and in the exact wordings in which the offer was made. If any of the terms of the offer are changed while communicating the acceptance, the same is not an acceptance, and is instead a counter offer. Hyde v. Wrench (1840) 3 Beav 334 acts as an example of the modified acceptance being deemed as a counter offer (Marson Ferris, 2015). The next element in line is the consideration. In absence of a consideration, a contract cannot be held as being valid. There is also a need for the consideration to be both sufficient and adequate. A consideration made before the promise is made, i.e., past consideration, is not sufficient (Mulcahy, 2008). It is crucial that the consideration has an economic value. In Chappell and Co Ltd v Nestle Co Ltd [1960] AC 87, due to the condition being precedent, the three wrappers were held to be valid consideration. The next element relates to the parties having an intention of creating lawful relationship. In Balfour v Balfour [1919] 2 KB 571, it was held that an assumption cannot be made regarding the intention of the parties, till the time there is a presence of clear evidence to establish the contrary (Latimer, 2012). The parties also need to have the contracting capacity, as per which they need to have attained the legal age and be of sane mind. The next requirement deals with the necessity of the terms of the particular contract being clear to the promise making parties. The parties need to give a free and clear consent to the contract, which is free from duress or undue influence. Only when a contract contains all such terms, can a binding contract be established. When one of the parties of the contract, fails to keep their promise, a breach of contract takes place. In such a case, an individual, who is party to the contract, can apply for damages or equitable remedies (Lambiris Griffin, 2016). Misrepresentation is such a situation under the contract law, whereby a false assertion is made by the individual, so as to induce the other party into entering the contract. This false statement relates to a statement of fact, and cannot relate to an intention or an opinion. In case it is established that misrepresentation was incorporated as a term of the contract, it can form as the base for breach of a contract and the available contractual remedies can be claimed upon (Latimer, 2012). In Bisset v Wilkinson [1927] AC 177, a piece of farm was purchased by the claimant. He had questioned the seller on the number of sheep that could be held in that piece of land. Even though the seller had not used it as a sheep farm ever but he made an estimate that the same would contain two thousand sheep. Relying upon the statement of the seller, the land was purchased by the claimant. This estimate was proved as being wrong and action for misrepresentation was initiated. It was held that since the statement was just an opinion and it was not a factual statement. Hence, the action of claimant failed (E-Law Resources, 2017a). However, an entirely different ruling was given in the case of Esso Petroleum v Mardon [1976] QB 801 Court of Appeal. In this case, the expert of Esso estimated that the petrol station would sell 200,000 gallons of petrol. However, when Mardon tried to sell the petrol station, the same could sell only 78,000 gallon, resulting in a loss of 5,800. Even though an action could not be held for misrepresentation, due to estimate being of future, hence not a statement of fact, a claim was allowed on the basis of negligent misstatement and the clamant could apply for damages (E-Law Resources, 2017b). The given case study highlights that upon negotiations being carried on, an offer was made and acceptance was attained, which led to the formation of contract. However, in this case, Paul was the expert, who gave an advice to invest $100,000 in Sustainable Mining Pty Ltd. This advice was not based upon a statement of fact, but an opinion that this investment would not go wrong. So, a case of representation cannot be made, for the statement of opinion given by Paul. Hence, it is advised to Muriel to refrain from making a claim for misrepresentation against Paul. Moreover, as Max was not party to the contract which was formed between Paul and Muriel, she would not be able to bring claims against him. The most Muriel can do is make a claim against Paul for the negligent misstatement. Negligence can be stated a breach of duty of care, which results in harm to the party to which the duty was owed. A claim for negligence can be made only when the same has a direct causation between the injury and the breach of duty, and such an injury has to be foreseeable in nature (Harvey Marston, 2009). In order to create a valid claim for negligence, there has to be a presence of duty of care, which consequently has to be breached, and such breach has to result in loss or injury to the other party. Once, a successful claim is made for negligence, damages can be claimed upon by the aggrieved party (Gibson Fraser, 2014). In Donoghue v Stevenson [1932] UKHL 100, the manufacturer was held to have owed a duty of care towards the consumer and hence was held to be negligent (Latimer, 2012). In Caparo Industries plc v Dickman [1990] 2 AC 605, 618, foreseeability, proximity and fairness of liability were held to be a threefold test for establishing duty of care (Lunney Oliphant, 2013). Due to lack of foreseeability in Bolton v. Stone [1951] AC 850, [1951] 1 All ER 1078, damages were not awarded to the plaintiff (Swarb, 2016). In Paris v Stepney Borough Council [1951] AC 367, due to the Council being negligent in failing to provide protective gear to Paris, the Council had to compensate Paris for his loss of eye (Martin Lancer, 2013). There are certain defenses which can be made for safeguarding oneself against a claim of negligence and one of such defenses is contributory negligence. Under this defense, if an individual contributes to the injuries which have been received by him, the individual would be held as having being contributed towards his own injuries. And in such cases, the amount of damages awarded to him, would be reduced by the magnitude of his contributory negligence (Dongen, 2014). In Davies v Swan Motor Co [1949] 2 KB 291, the same was done and the damages of Davies were diminished (E-Law Resources, 2017c). In Raad v KTP Holdings Pty Ltd as Trustee for VM KTP Nguyen Family Trust [2016] NSW 2016 888, the damages were reduced by 10% (Devitt, 2016). A negligent misstatement is a claim which is initiated against an individual who makes such a statement which is not true or is false in nature and reliance has been made by the claimant on such statement, which results in a loss for the claimant. Reliance is a crucial clause for establishing a claim of negligent misstatement as was held in Hedley Byrne Co Ltd v Heller Partners Ltd [1964] AC 465 (Ward, 2010). Another tort in negligence is tort of battery, where an individual, knowingly hurts another person through an un-consented offensive or harmful contact. It is also known as tort of intentionally. To establish this, a degree of intention has to be present. However, the defense of consent or self defense can be used if a claim for tort of battery is made (Statsky, 2011). In the given case study, Reg was pestering the teenagers and wanted to use his skateboard on the park. Peter starts chasing Reg and when Reg runs away, Paul throws a tennis ball at Reg. As a result of this, she was hit on the head and rammed into Beryl, which led to her falling off, along with her baby from the pram. The tort of battery, in this case of Paul was apparent in this case. He intentionally threw a tennis ball at Reg, which resulted in the injuries to Beryl and the infant. Another can be made by Beryl against Paul and Ref for their negligent behavior which led to her injuries. Hence, it is advised to Beryl to initiate claims for damages against Paul for recovering the damages for both negligence and battery on part of Paul. However, a claim cannot be initiated by Muriel against either of Reg or Peter, for the nervous shock she experienced when she saw Beryl and her infant being injured. This is because for a claim to be made for negligence there has to be a direct causation and foreseeability in the loss. No one could have predicted that Muriel would have watched the incident and received the nervous shock, and there was a lack of direct causation between her nervous shock and negligence of Peter. Reg is one of the parties to the negligence, who contributed to the injuries which he received. So, he can make a claim against Peter for tort of battery and negligence, as due to actions of Peter, he was hit. But by running around and pestering the Peter, he contributed to his injuries and hence, the damages awarded to him would be reduced proportionately. Apart from the claims which can be initiated for a breach of duty or a breach of contract in form of monetary compensation, a claim can also be made for the emotional distress which has been caused as a result of the failure in fulfilling the promise which has been made. In the case of Baltic Shipping v Dillon High Court of Australia (1993) 176 CLR 344, the plaintiff was awarded damages for the emotional distress which was caused as a result of the belongings which the plaintiff lost (Holmes, 2017). On the basis of this principle, Muriel is advised to initiate claims against Peter for the emotional distress caused to her in form of her suffering from post-traumatic stress due to loss of her investment. To conclude the entire discussion, Muriel can make a claim against Peter for damages and mental distress caused, but a claim cannot be made against Max as he was not a party to contract, and also cannot be made against Peter or Reg due to lack of direct causation. Beryl and Reg can sue Peter for negligence and battery, and she can also sue Reg for negligence. And lastly, the amount of damages which Reg recovers from Peter would be reduced by his contributory negligence. References Abbott, K., Pendlebury, N., Wardman, K. (2007). Business Law (8th ed.). London: Thomson. Andrews, N. (2015). Contract Law (2nd ed.). UK: Cambridge University Press Ayres, I., Klass, G. (2012). Studies in Contract Law (8th ed.). New York: Foundation Press Clarke, P., Clarke, J (2016). Contract Law: Commentaries, Cases and Perspectives (3rd ed.). South Melbourne: Oxford University Press. Devitt, S. (2016). A slip up - shopping centre liable for slip and fall on wet tiles. Retrieved from: https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=bdcef724-3c2e-482d-9d74-540bc1a44d6c Dongen, E.V. (2014). Contributory Negligence: A Historical and Comparative Study. Boston: Brill Nijhoff. E-Law Resources. (2017a). Bisset v Wilkinson [1927] AC 177 Privy Council. Retrieved from: https://www.e-lawresources.co.uk/Bisset-v-Wilkinson.php E-Law Resources. (2017b). Esso Petroleum v Mardon [1976] QB 801 Court of Appeal. Retrieved from: https://www.e-lawresources.co.uk/Esso-Petroleum-v-Mardon.php E-Law Resources. (2017c). Davies v Swan Motor Co [1949] 2 KB 291 Court of Appeal. Retrieved from: https://www.e-lawresources.co.uk/Davies-v-Swan-Motor-Co.php Gibson, A., Fraser, D. (2014). Business Law 2014 (8th ed.). Melbourne: Pearson Education Australia. Harvey, B., Marston, J. (2009). Cases and Commentary on Tort (6th ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. Holmes, R. (2017). Mental Distress Damages For Breach Of Contract. Retrieved from: https://www.victoria.ac.nz/law/research/publications/vuwlr/prev-issues/pdf/vol-35-2004/issue-3/holmes.pdf Lambiris, M., Griffin, L. (2016). First Principles of Business Law 2016. Sydney: CCH. Latimer, P. (2012). Australian Business Law 2012 (31st ed.). Sydney, NSW: CCH Australia Limited. Lunney, M., Oliphant, K. (2013). Tort Law: Text and Materials (5th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Marson, J., Ferris, K. (2015). Business Law (4th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Martin, J., Lancer, D. (2013). AQA Law for AS Fifth Edition (5th ed.). Oxon: Hachette UK. Mulcahy, L. (2008). Contract Law in Perspective (5th ed.). Oxon: Routledge. Statsky, W.P. (2011). Essentials of Torts (3rd ed.). New York: Cengage Learning. Swarb. (2016). Bolton v Stone: HL 10 May 1951. Retrieved from: https://swarb.co.uk/bolton-v-stone-hl-10-may-1951/ Ward, P. (2010). Tort Law in Ireland. The Netherlands: Kluwer Law International.